Atomic number 25
Manganese
Transition metal
Quick facts
- Atomic mass
- 54.938
- Group
- 7
- Period
- 4
- State (STP)
- solid
- Electronegativity
- 1.55
- Common ox. states
- +2, +4, +7
Properties
Electron configuration
[Ar] 3d⁵ 4s²
- Ionization energy
- 717.3 kJ/mol
- Electron affinity
- -50.0 kJ/mol
- Melting point
- 1519.00 K (1245.8 °C)
- Boiling point
- 2334.00 K (2060.8 °C)
How it bonds
Manganese covers a huge oxidation-state range, from +2 (Mn²⁺, pale pink) to +7 (MnO₄⁻, the deep purple permanganate ion). The +4 state in MnO₂ is what powers alkaline batteries.