Atomic number 22
Titanium
Transition metal
In the real world
Quick facts
- Atomic mass
- 47.867
- Group
- 4
- Period
- 4
- State (STP)
- solid
- Electronegativity
- 1.54
- Common ox. states
- +2, +3, +4
Properties
Electron configuration
[Ar] 3d² 4s²
- Ionization energy
- 658.8 kJ/mol
- Electron affinity
- 7.6 kJ/mol
- Melting point
- 1941.00 K (1667.8 °C)
- Boiling point
- 3560.00 K (3286.8 °C)
How dangerous is it?
1/5 · Low risk
As a solid it is so safe and body-friendly it is used for medical implants. Only as a fine powder or fresh shavings does it become a fire risk.
- FlammableImmediate
Finely divided titanium dust or swarf can ignite and even explode; the solid metal does not. (only the powder or shavings, never the solid part)
Grinding and machining control the dust and remove ignition sources.
How it bonds
Titanium most commonly shows the +4 oxidation state (TiO₂, the white pigment in paint). Strong, light, corrosion-resistant - used in jet engines and bone implants because Ti⁴⁺ ions form a tight oxide layer that protects the underlying metal.
