Periodic Table

Tap any element to see how it bonds, where you meet it in the games, and the concept pages that explain it. Need paper? Free printable PDFs.

Already know your way around? Take the periodic table quiz: two minutes, no account. Or see which elements people miss most on The Element Miss List.

/

1HHydrogen 2HeHelium 3LiLithium 4BeBeryllium 5BBoron 6CCarbon 7NNitrogen 8OOxygen 9FFluorine 10NeNeon 11NaSodium 12MgMagnesium 13AlAluminum 14SiSilicon 15PPhosphorus 16SSulfur 17ClChlorine 18ArArgon 19KPotassium 20CaCalcium 21ScScandium 22TiTitanium 23VVanadium 24CrChromium 25MnManganese 26FeIron 27CoCobalt 28NiNickel 29CuCopper 30ZnZinc 31GaGallium 32GeGermanium 33AsArsenic 34SeSelenium 35BrBromine 36KrKrypton 37RbRubidium 38SrStrontium 39YYttrium 40ZrZirconium 41NbNiobium 42MoMolybdenum 43TcTechnetium 44RuRuthenium 45RhRhodium 46PdPalladium 47AgSilver 48CdCadmium 49InIndium 50SnTin 51SbAntimony 52TeTellurium 53IIodine 54XeXenon 55CsCesium 56BaBarium 57LaLanthanum 58CeCerium 59PrPraseodymium 60NdNeodymium 61PmPromethium 62SmSamarium 63EuEuropium 64GdGadolinium 65TbTerbium 66DyDysprosium 67HoHolmium 68ErErbium 69TmThulium 70YbYtterbium 71LuLutetium 72HfHafnium 73TaTantalum 74WTungsten 75ReRhenium 76OsOsmium 77IrIridium 78PtPlatinum 79AuGold 80HgMercury 81TlThallium 82PbLead 83BiBismuth 84PoPolonium 85AtAstatine 86RnRadon 87FrFrancium 88RaRadium 89AcActinium 90ThThorium 91PaProtactinium 92UUranium 93NpNeptunium 94PuPlutonium 95AmAmericium 96CmCurium 97BkBerkelium 98CfCalifornium 99EsEinsteinium 100FmFermium 101MdMendelevium 102NoNobelium 103LrLawrencium 104RfRutherfordium 105DbDubnium 106SgSeaborgium 107BhBohrium 108HsHassium 109MtMeitnerium 110DsDarmstadtium 111RgRoentgenium 112CnCopernicium 113NhNihonium 114FlFlerovium 115McMoscovium 116LvLivermorium 117TsTennessine 118OgOganesson

Nitrogen

7Nonmetal

mass 14.007 · gas · group 15 · period 2

Alkali metal6

Alkaline earth metal6

Transition metal38

Post-transition metal11

Metalloid7

Nonmetal7

Halogen6

Noble gas7

Lanthanide15

Actinide15

Atomic number 7

Nitrogen

Nonmetal

In the real world

An open metal dewar of liquid nitrogen with white cold vapor pouring over the rim. — What it looks likeNitrogen is a colorless gas. As a liquid it is extremely cold and boils off in white vapor.

A balloon dipped toward a tray of liquid nitrogen as it shrinks in the white fog. — Where you'd see itLiquid nitrogen is so cold it instantly freezes whatever it touches, like a balloon.

Quick facts

Atomic mass: 14.007
Group: 15
Period: 2
State (STP): gas
Electronegativity: 3.04
Common ox. states: -3, +3, +5

Properties

Electron configuration

[He] 2s² 2p³

Ionization energy: 1402.3 kJ/mol
Electron affinity: -7.0 kJ/mol
Melting point: 63.15 K (-210.0 °C)
Boiling point: 77.36 K (-195.8 °C)

How dangerous is it?

1/5 · Low risk

Most of the air is nitrogen and it is harmless to breathe. The catch is that liquid or bottled nitrogen can quietly replace the oxygen in a closed room.

Asphyxiant
It is not poisonous, but it can crowd out oxygen in a sealed space with no warning. (the danger is the room, not the gas)
Used with ventilation and oxygen monitors; confined spaces are tested before anyone enters.

How it bonds

Nitrogen has 5 valence electrons. It forms 3 bonds and keeps 1 lone pair - that lone pair is what makes ammonia (NH₃) basic and lets nitrogen donate electrons to metal centres. Two N atoms can also share three pairs (N≡N), the strong triple bond that makes N₂ inert at room temperature.

Where you meet it

Compounds featuring this element

Deeper

Family legend

Play free

Turn these elements into a game

Bond Forge is free to play with a starter set of elements, no account needed.

Play Bond Forge free

This reference is free for teachers and students to use and share under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license. Licensing details